The diffrent classifications of truth

The very first step in finding what is real. An observation is what you see, hear, smell, feel, and taste.

Observations are at the center of finding everything that is real; because they prove certain things are concrete by being able to observe them. So, observations are the core building blocks to all other stages of scientific observations. Basic observing is broad so this type of observation is like a giant mountain with all its materials so massive it can be used for anything. [1][2]

The next step in finding the truth. A scientific observation (or detailed observation) is an observation that is narrowed down to one detail and is more specific (it is measured either with your senses [sight, sound etc.] or a tool to aid in those senses [thermometer ,telescope , stethoscope etc.])

For instance, when you look up into the sky you notice the sky is a certain color.

A scientific observation is the main step to actually working with something specific: it’s like finding a boulder or two on the giant mountain that’s more moldable and movable: [1][2]

The next step towards beginning to find the possible truth. A hypothesis is a guess about an observation (either how it occurs or why it occurs) unlike an observation, a hypothesis is not meant to be taken as truth but as a well-meaning guess, also a hypothesis can be proven true or false (or a little of both) by testing (scientific method):

A hypothesis is a way to find possible answers. But hypothesis has to do with what an individual thinks about an observation: It’s like imagining what the boulder on the mountain can be molded into; can it be turned into a brick or sculpture? Only way to find out is do it![1][3]

The next step from observations to a solid truth. A fact is a statement about an observation that has been proven (by scientific method) true over and over again without any known exception. A fact has been so proven it is just considered a part of life: a truth! Of course, theoretically there is no ultimate truth (this is a precaution seeing an observation could possibly change or 1 experiment prove it wrong) But most likely a well proven fact is 100% trustworthy truth and should be treated like the ultimate truth until proven otherwise. [1][4]

For instance, you tested the color of the sky during the day: you took your box of crayons and colored a piece of paper all different colors then compared them to the color of the sky. The only color that matched that of the sky was blue: with this information you concluded that the sky is blue:

This was proven to be very consistent after studying the sky on clear days over and over again. You eventually conclude it is a fact that the sky is blue.

You study the chirping of the Birds: the type of bird that is chirping and if other birds respond to the chirping (the same chirp heard almost instantly): you take a paper and mark the type of bird, the time of day, and if there was a response. You record that most birds are daytime songbirds (Cardinals, Blue birds, doves ect), also you record that the chirps begin a little before sunrise and increase in frequency until sunrise (about 5:00 A.M.-9:00 A.M.) and goes down until noon (12:00 P.M.) Where it stays the same frequency all day long. …You conclude that morning songbirds are most active in the morning and chirp mostly around that time. Others observe the same thing that they find birds chirping in the early morning. You conclude Birds chirp in the morning is a fact.

A scientific fact is like the finished product of sculpting the rock: you know what it is now: a brick

The next step in reality is a law. A law is an event or occurrence that has been observed in experiments and observations over and over again to always occur in a certain way so much that it can be predicted to happen in an accurate statement or formula. A law has been observed so many times it can be assured it will happen again. However, like a fact, A law theoretically could never be 100% reliable all the time, since there might be an exception to the rule, or the law might change under circumstances. But like a fact, a law most likely & in general is 100% full proof to occur. [1][5]

For instance, you discovered that for the entire day the sky is blue if it's not raining, or the sun is not rising or setting, the sky will always be blue. You notice this event for an entire year (365 days) happens without fail. You conclude if it's not raining, nor sunrise or sunset the sky will always be blue.

You discovered that day songbirds always wake up and chirp however when you moved to the city there is no chirping in the morning neither at the beach you examined why the chirping did not occur you look around and observe there are different birds in these locations compared to your original location. Besides that, in the original location these birds always wake up and chirp every morning. You conclude if you are in a location with these small songbirds they will always wake up and chirp right before sunrise as a law.

All of these are laws. A scientific law is like a foundation to a structure: it is made with many bricks (facts/observations) and is a stable foundation to build upon.

The last step to reality is an accurate scientific theory. A theory is a well-tested explanation that explains why things are or why things happen. Theories are made up from many facts and laws, put together, in other words a theory puts the whole picture (or reality) together to make a final conclusion. All facts and laws are put together to answer the biggest questions: of why something exists and/or why something happens? A theory really is the final and grandest step to reality because it sums all things up. Like a hypothesis, a theory can be proven false by many or all laws (and facts) contradicting it, but like a fact or law, a theory can never be proven 100% true no matter how sound it is. (This, is once again, a precaution seeing one experiment might prove it wrong or another better theory might come along to replace/improve it.) However, like a fact or law, if the facts match up and laws agree with it and all evidence points to the theory’s truth, then most likely the theory is 100% full-proof and is to be considered a fact until proven otherwise. [1][6]

Well proven theories are treated as solid fact by scientists anyways (such as the cell theory which states all living things are made of cells and all come from cells [7] and the atomic theory: Everything is made up of atoms [Yes! That’s still technically a theory! Despite how you can find tons of picture of atoms even though no one ,before recently, had ever directly seen one; it is taught in science classes like a solid fact even though it is just a theory [8]).

For example, you wonder why the sky is blue, so you go to studying other parts of the sky (other laws and facts others have found out) such as what it's made out of, how color works, and how is in influenced by materials in the sky: Gases, and study how the color blue works.

You find through your study of other facts and laws that the sky is made out of gases: mostly nitrogen and oxygen, color is light, and light is influenced by matter it makes contact with and can be absorbed by certain particles. And when it is; it's shown to be that color to our eyes.

And finally, you find out the color blue is the darkest color in the visible spectrum and has the shortest wavelength of all colors (except violet). With all these facts and laws and other theories you put it all together and conclude that when light from the sun makes contact with nitrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere the matter absorbs the darkest and lowest wavelength: blue/violet from the light and it is scattered to earth and therefore when you look up you see blue!

You wonder why the birds chirp in the morning, so you study songbird behavior (other facts and laws) You find they are social and sometimes territorial, you study about Chirping and why it is done: to talk to others, to attract a mate or to show territory. You also examine conditions around sunrise: you find it is cooler, less noisy, dark, and calm. With all this you conclude that the birds sing in the morning because when they wake the air is cooler and it is too dark to hunt or forage so they communicate with one another: to talk with one another, to attract mates and/or to make territorial marks.

These are all theories. A scientific theory can be thought of as like a house: It’s made up of many different bricks (facts) and walls (laws) together to make something complete and new (theory).

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Discovery “what’s the difference between a fact, a hypothesis, a theory, and a law in Science?” By Ashley Hamer Aug 01 2029

[A] Live Science “What Is a Scientific Hypothesis? | Definition of Hypothesis”

[B] Encyclopedia Britannica “Scientific hypothesis” by Kara Rogers on 5 Sep. 2018,

("scientific fact." WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. 2003-2008. Princeton University, Clipart.com, Farlex Inc.)

The classification of scientific truth:

The steps to reality